#include <semaphore.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include "libc.h"

char* __shm_mapname(const char*, char*);

static struct {
  ino_t ino;
  sem_t* sem;
  int refcnt;
} * semtab;
static volatile int lock[2];

#define FLAGS (O_RDWR | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK)

sem_t* sem_open(const char* name, int flags, ...) {
  va_list ap;
  mode_t mode;
  unsigned value;
  int fd, i, e, slot, first = 1, cnt, cs;
  sem_t newsem;
  void* map;
  char tmp[64];
  struct timespec ts;
  struct stat st;
  char buf[NAME_MAX + 10];

  if (!(name = __shm_mapname(name, buf)))
    return SEM_FAILED;

  LOCK(lock);
  /* Allocate table if we don't have one yet */
  if (!semtab && !(semtab = calloc(sizeof *semtab, SEM_NSEMS_MAX))) {
    UNLOCK(lock);
    return SEM_FAILED;
  }

  /* Reserve a slot in case this semaphore is not mapped yet;
   * this is necessary because there is no way to handle
   * failures after creation of the file. */
  slot = -1;
  for (cnt = i = 0; i < SEM_NSEMS_MAX; i++) {
    cnt += semtab[i].refcnt;
    if (!semtab[i].sem && slot < 0)
      slot = i;
  }
  /* Avoid possibility of overflow later */
  if (cnt == INT_MAX || slot < 0) {
    errno = EMFILE;
    UNLOCK(lock);
    return SEM_FAILED;
  }
  /* Dummy pointer to make a reservation */
  semtab[slot].sem = (sem_t*)-1;
  UNLOCK(lock);

  flags &= (O_CREAT | O_EXCL);

  pthread_setcancelstate(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE, &cs);

  /* Early failure check for exclusive open; otherwise the case
   * where the semaphore already exists is expensive. */
  if (flags == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL) && access(name, F_OK) == 0) {
    errno = EEXIST;
    goto fail;
  }

  for (;;) {
    /* If exclusive mode is not requested, try opening an
     * existing file first and fall back to creation. */
    if (flags != (O_CREAT | O_EXCL)) {
      fd = open(name, FLAGS);
      if (fd >= 0) {
        if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0 ||
            (map = mmap(0, sizeof(sem_t), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
                        fd, 0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
          close(fd);
          goto fail;
        }
        close(fd);
        break;
      }
      if (errno != ENOENT)
        goto fail;
    }
    if (!(flags & O_CREAT))
      goto fail;
    if (first) {
      first = 0;
      va_start(ap, flags);
      mode = va_arg(ap, mode_t) & 0666;
      value = va_arg(ap, unsigned);
      va_end(ap);
      if (value > SEM_VALUE_MAX) {
        errno = EINVAL;
        goto fail;
      }
      sem_init(&newsem, 1, value);
    }
    /* Create a temp file with the new semaphore contents
     * and attempt to atomically link it as the new name */
    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
    snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/dev/shm/tmp-%d", (int)ts.tv_nsec);
    fd = open(tmp, O_CREAT | O_EXCL | FLAGS, mode);
    if (fd < 0) {
      if (errno == EEXIST)
        continue;
      goto fail;
    }
    if (write(fd, &newsem, sizeof newsem) != sizeof newsem ||
        fstat(fd, &st) < 0 ||
        (map = mmap(0, sizeof(sem_t), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd,
                    0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
      close(fd);
      unlink(tmp);
      goto fail;
    }
    close(fd);
    e = link(tmp, name) ? errno : 0;
    unlink(tmp);
    if (!e)
      break;
    munmap(map, sizeof(sem_t));
    /* Failure is only fatal when doing an exclusive open;
     * otherwise, next iteration will try to open the
     * existing file. */
    if (e != EEXIST || flags == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL))
      goto fail;
  }

  /* See if the newly mapped semaphore is already mapped. If
   * so, unmap the new mapping and use the existing one. Otherwise,
   * add it to the table of mapped semaphores. */
  LOCK(lock);
  for (i = 0; i < SEM_NSEMS_MAX && semtab[i].ino != st.st_ino; i++)
    ;
  if (i < SEM_NSEMS_MAX) {
    munmap(map, sizeof(sem_t));
    semtab[slot].sem = 0;
    slot = i;
    map = semtab[i].sem;
  }
  semtab[slot].refcnt++;
  semtab[slot].sem = map;
  semtab[slot].ino = st.st_ino;
  UNLOCK(lock);
  pthread_setcancelstate(cs, 0);
  return map;

fail:
  pthread_setcancelstate(cs, 0);
  LOCK(lock);
  semtab[slot].sem = 0;
  UNLOCK(lock);
  return SEM_FAILED;
}

int sem_close(sem_t* sem) {
  int i;
  LOCK(lock);
  for (i = 0; i < SEM_NSEMS_MAX && semtab[i].sem != sem; i++)
    ;
  if (!--semtab[i].refcnt) {
    semtab[i].sem = 0;
    semtab[i].ino = 0;
  }
  UNLOCK(lock);
  munmap(sem, sizeof *sem);
  return 0;
}