UI Events

Scope

The following input devices are supported by sky:

  • fingers on multitouch screens
  • mice, including mouse wheels
  • styluses on screens
  • other devices that emulate mice (track pads, track balls)
  • keyboards

The following input devices are not supported natively by sky, but can be used by connecting directly to the mojo application servicing the relevant device:

  • joysticks
  • track balls that move focus (or raw data from track balls)
  • raw data from track pads (e.g. multitouch gestures)
  • raw data from styluses that have their own absolute pads
  • raw data from mice (e.g. to handle mouse capture in 3D games)

The following interactions are intended to be easy to handle:

  • one finger starts panning, another finger is placed on the surface (and ignored), the first finger is lifted, and the second finger continues panning (without the scroll position jumping when the first finger is lifted)
  • right-clicking doesn't trigger buttons by default
  • fingers after the first don't trigger buttons by default

Frameworks are responsible for converting pointer events described below into widget-specific events such as the following:

  • a click/tap/activation, as distinct from a short drag
  • a context menu request (e.g. right-click, long-press)
  • a drag (moving an item)
  • a pan (scroll)
  • a zoom/rotation (whether using two finger gestures, or one finger with the double-tap-and-hold gesture)
  • a double-tap autozoom

In particular, this means distinguishing whether a finger tap consists of a tap, a drag, or a long-press; it also means distinguishing whether a drag, once established as such, should be treated as a pan or a drag, and deciding whether a secondary touch should begin a zoom/rotation or not.

Pointer events

Each touch or pointer is tracked individually.

New touches and pointers can appear and disappear over time.

When a new one enters the system, a ‘pointer-added’ event is fired at the application's document.

When it is removed, a ‘pointer-removed’ event is fired at the application's document.

When one switches from “up” to “down”, the position of the tap is hit tested and a ‘pointer-down’ event is fired at the target element under the cursor, if any, or the document otherwise. The return value, if it‘s a node, is used as the target of future move and up events until this touch goes up. If there is no return value, the target continues to be the application’s document.

A pointer that is “down” is captured -- all events for that pointer will be routed to the chosen target until the pointer goes up, regardless of whether it‘s in that target’s visible area.

When one moves, if it is “up” then a ‘pointer-moved’ event is fired at the application's document, otherwise if it is “down” then the event is fired at the element or document that was selected for the ‘pointer-down’ event.

When one switches from “down” to “up”, a ‘pointer-up’ event is fired at the element or document that was selected for the ‘pointer-down’ event.

When there are no “down” pointers and one switches to “down”, if either there are no buttons (touch) or only the primary button is active (mouse, stylus) and this is not an inverted stylus, then this becomes the “primary” pointer. The pointer remains the primary pointer until the corresponding pointer-up event (even if the buttons change). At the time of a pointer-up event, if there is another pointer that is already down and is of the same kind, and that has either no buttons or only its primary button active, then that becomes the new primary pointer.

These events all bubble and their data is an object with the following fields:

    pointer: an integer assigned to this touch or pointer when it
             enters the system, never reused, increasing
             monotonically every time a new value is assigned,
             starting from 1 (if the system gets a new tap every
             microsecond, this will cause a problem after 285
             years)

       kind: one of 'touch', 'mouse', 'stylus', 'inverted-stylus'

          x: x-position relative to the top-left corner of the
             surface of the node on which the event was fired

          y: y-position relative to the top-left corner of the
             surface of the node on which the event was fired

    buttons: a bitfield of the buttons pressed, from the following
             list:

               1: primary mouse button (not available on stylus)

               2: secondary mouse button, primary stylus button

               3: middle mouse button, secondary stylus button

               4: back button

               5: forward button

             additional buttons can be represented by numbers
             greater than six:

               n: (n-2)th mouse button, ignoring any buttons that
                  are explicitly back or forward buttons

                  (n-4)th stylus button, again ignoring any
                  explictly back or forward buttons

       down: true if the pointer is down (in pointer-down event or
             subsequent pointer-move events); false otherwise (in
             pointer-added, pointer-up, and pointer-removed
             events, and in pointer-move events that aren't
             between pointer-down and pointer-up events)

    primary: true if this is a primary pointer/touch (see above)

   obscured: true if the system was rendering another view on top
             of the sky application at the time of the event (this
             is intended to enable click-jacking protections)

When primary is true, the following fields are available:

         dx: if primary, then this is the delta from the
             x-position at the time that the pointer became
             primary.

         dy: if primary, then this is the delta from the
             x-position at the time that the pointer became
             primary.

When down is true:

   pressure: the pressure of the touch as a number ranging from
             0.0, indicating a touch with no discernible pressure,
             to 1.0, indicating a touch with "normal" pressure,
             and possibly beyond, indicating a stronger touch; for
             devices that do not detect pressure (e.g. mice),
             returns 1.0

pressure-min: the minimum value that pressure can return for this
              pointer

pressure-max: the maximum value that pressure can return for this
              pointer

When kind is ‘touch’, ‘stylus’, or ‘stylus-inverted’:

   distance: distance of detected object from surface (e.g.
             distance of stylus or finger from screen), if
             supported and down is not true, otherwise 0.0.

distance-min: the minimum value that distance can return for this
              pointer (always 0.0)

distance-max: the maximum value that distance can return for this
              pointer (0.0 if not supported)

When kind is ‘touch’, ‘stylus’, or ‘stylus-inverted’ and down is true:

radius-major: the radius of the contact ellipse along the major
              axis, in pixels

radius-minor: the radius of the contact ellipse along the major
              axis, in pixels

 radius-min: the minimum value that could be reported for
             radius-major or radius-minor for this pointer

 radius-max: the maximum value that could be reported for
             radius-major or radius-minor for this pointer

When kind is ‘touch’ and down is true:

orientation: the angle of the contact ellipse, in radians in the
             range

                -pi/2 < orientation <= pi/2

             ...giving the angle of the major axis of the ellipse
             with the y-axis (negative angles indicating an
             orientation along the top-left / bottom-right
             diagonal, positive angles indicating an orientation
             along the top-right / bottom-left diagonal, and zero
             indicating an orientation parallel with the y-axis)

When kind is ‘stylus’ or ‘stylus-inverted’:

orientation: the angle of the stylus, in radians in the range

                -pi < orientation <= pi

             ...giving the angle of the axis of the stylus
             projected onto the screen, relative to the positive
             y-axis of the screen (thus 0 indicates the stylus, if
             projected onto the screen, would go from the contact
             point vertically up in the positive y-axis direction,
             pi would indicate that the stylus would go down in
             the negative y-axis direction; pi/4 would indicate
             that the stylus goes up and to the right, -pi/2 would
             indicate that the stylus goes to the left, etc)

       tilt: the angle of the stylus, in radians in the range

                0 <= tilt <= pi/2

             ...giving the angle of the axis of the stylus,
             relative to the axis perpendicular to the screen
             (thus 0 indicates the stylus is orthogonal to the
             plane of the screen, while pi/2 indicates that the
             stylus is flat on the screen)

Wheel events

When a wheel input device is turned, a ‘wheel’ event that bubbles is fired at the application's document, with the following fields:

      wheel: an integer assigned to this wheel by the system. The
             same wheel on the same system must always be given
             the same ID. The primary wheel (e.g. the vertical
             wheel on a mouse) must be given ID 1.

      delta: an floating point number representing the fraction of
             the wheel that was turned, with positive numbers
             representing a downward movement on vertical wheels,
             rightward movement on horizontal wheels, and a
             clockwise movement on wheels with a user-facing side.

Additionally, if the wheel is associated with a pointer (e.g. a mouse wheel), the following fields must be present also:

    pointer: the integer assigned to the pointer in its
             'pointer-add' event (see above).

          x: x-position relative to the top-left corner of the
             display, in global layout coordinates

          y: x-position relative to the top-left corner of the
             display, in global layout coordinates

Note: The only wheels that are supported are mouse wheels and physical dials. Track balls are not reported as mouse wheels.

Text input events

TODO(ianh): keyboard events