build/android/pylib/device/adb_wrapper.py - mojo - Git at Google

 # Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
 # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 # found in the LICENSE file.

 """This module wraps Android's adb tool.

 This is a thin wrapper around the adb interface. Any additional complexity
 should be delegated to a higher level (ex. DeviceUtils).
 """

 import collections
 import errno
 import logging
 import os

 from pylib import cmd_helper
 from pylib import constants
 from pylib.device import decorators
 from pylib.device import device_errors
 from pylib.utils import timeout_retry


 _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 30
 _DEFAULT_RETRIES = 2


 def _VerifyLocalFileExists(path):
   """Verifies a local file exists.

   Args:
     path: Path to the local file.

   Raises:
     IOError: If the file doesn't exist.
   """
   if not os.path.exists(path):
     raise IOError(errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), path)


 DeviceStat = collections.namedtuple('DeviceStat',
                                     ['st_mode', 'st_size', 'st_time'])


 class AdbWrapper(object):
   """A wrapper around a local Android Debug Bridge executable."""

   def __init__(self, device_serial):
     """Initializes the AdbWrapper.

     Args:
       device_serial: The device serial number as a string.
     """
     if not device_serial:
       raise ValueError('A device serial must be specified')
     self._device_serial = str(device_serial)

   # pylint: disable=unused-argument
   @classmethod
   def _BuildAdbCmd(cls, args, device_serial, cpu_affinity=None):
     if cpu_affinity is not None:
       cmd = ['taskset', '-c', str(cpu_affinity)]
     else:
       cmd = []
     cmd.append(constants.GetAdbPath())
     if device_serial is not None:
       cmd.extend(['-s', device_serial])
     cmd.extend(args)
     return cmd
   # pylint: enable=unused-argument

   # pylint: disable=unused-argument
   @classmethod
   @decorators.WithTimeoutAndRetries
   def _RunAdbCmd(cls, args, timeout=None, retries=None, device_serial=None,
                  check_error=True, cpu_affinity=None):
     status, output = cmd_helper.GetCmdStatusAndOutputWithTimeout(
         cls._BuildAdbCmd(args, device_serial, cpu_affinity=cpu_affinity),
         timeout_retry.CurrentTimeoutThread().GetRemainingTime())
     if status != 0:
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
           args, output, status, device_serial)
     # This catches some errors, including when the device drops offline;
     # unfortunately adb is very inconsistent with error reporting so many
     # command failures present differently.
     if check_error and output.startswith('error:'):
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(args, output)
     return output
   # pylint: enable=unused-argument

   def _RunDeviceAdbCmd(self, args, timeout, retries, check_error=True):
     """Runs an adb command on the device associated with this object.

     Args:
       args: A list of arguments to adb.
       timeout: Timeout in seconds.
       retries: Number of retries.
       check_error: Check that the command doesn't return an error message. This
         does NOT check the exit status of shell commands.

     Returns:
       The output of the command.
     """
     return self._RunAdbCmd(args, timeout=timeout, retries=retries,
                            device_serial=self._device_serial,
                            check_error=check_error)

   def _IterRunDeviceAdbCmd(self, args, timeout):
     """Runs an adb command and returns an iterator over its output lines.

     Args:
       args: A list of arguments to adb.
       timeout: Timeout in seconds.

     Yields:
       The output of the command line by line.
     """
     return cmd_helper.IterCmdOutputLines(
       self._BuildAdbCmd(args, self._device_serial), timeout=timeout)

   def __eq__(self, other):
     """Consider instances equal if they refer to the same device.

     Args:
       other: The instance to compare equality with.

     Returns:
       True if the instances are considered equal, false otherwise.
     """
     return self._device_serial == str(other)

   def __str__(self):
     """The string representation of an instance.

     Returns:
       The device serial number as a string.
     """
     return self._device_serial

   def __repr__(self):
     return '%s(\'%s\')' % (self.__class__.__name__, self)

   # pylint: disable=unused-argument
   @classmethod
   def IsServerOnline(cls):
     status, output = cmd_helper.GetCmdStatusAndOutput(['pgrep', 'adb'])
     output = [int(x) for x in output.split()]
     logging.info('PIDs for adb found: %r', output)
     return status == 0
   # pylint: enable=unused-argument

   @classmethod
   def KillServer(cls, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     cls._RunAdbCmd(['kill-server'], timeout=timeout, retries=retries)

   @classmethod
   def StartServer(cls, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     # CPU affinity is used to reduce adb instability http://crbug.com/268450
     cls._RunAdbCmd(['start-server'], timeout=timeout, retries=retries,
                    cpu_affinity=0)

   # TODO(craigdh): Determine the filter criteria that should be supported.
   @classmethod
   def GetDevices(cls, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Get the list of active attached devices.

     Args:
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

     Yields:
       AdbWrapper instances.
     """
     output = cls._RunAdbCmd(['devices'], timeout=timeout, retries=retries)
     lines = [line.split() for line in output.splitlines()]
     return [AdbWrapper(line[0]) for line in lines
             if len(line) == 2 and line[1] == 'device']

   def GetDeviceSerial(self):
     """Gets the device serial number associated with this object.

     Returns:
       Device serial number as a string.
     """
     return self._device_serial

   def Push(self, local, remote, timeout=60*5, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Pushes a file from the host to the device.

     Args:
       local: Path on the host filesystem.
       remote: Path on the device filesystem.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     _VerifyLocalFileExists(local)
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['push', local, remote], timeout, retries)

   def Pull(self, remote, local, timeout=60*5, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Pulls a file from the device to the host.

     Args:
       remote: Path on the device filesystem.
       local: Path on the host filesystem.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     cmd = ['pull', remote, local]
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
     try:
       _VerifyLocalFileExists(local)
     except IOError:
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
           cmd, 'File not found on host: %s' % local, device_serial=str(self))

   def Shell(self, command, expect_status=0, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
             retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Runs a shell command on the device.

     Args:
       command: A string with the shell command to run.
       expect_status: (optional) Check that the command's exit status matches
         this value. Default is 0. If set to None the test is skipped.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

     Returns:
       The output of the shell command as a string.

     Raises:
       device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError: If the exit status doesn't match
         |expect_status|.
     """
     if expect_status is None:
       args = ['shell', command]
     else:
       args = ['shell', '%s; echo %%$?;' % command.rstrip()]
     output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(args, timeout, retries, check_error=False)
     if expect_status is not None:
       output_end = output.rfind('%')
       if output_end < 0:
         # causes the status string to become empty and raise a ValueError
         output_end = len(output)

       try:
         status = int(output[output_end+1:])
       except ValueError:
         logging.warning('exit status of shell command %r missing.', command)
         raise device_errors.AdbShellCommandFailedError(
             command, output, status=None, device_serial=self._device_serial)
       output = output[:output_end]
       if status != expect_status:
         raise device_errors.AdbShellCommandFailedError(
             command, output, status=status, device_serial=self._device_serial)
     return output

   def IterShell(self, command, timeout):
     """Runs a shell command and returns an iterator over its output lines.

     Args:
       command: A string with the shell command to run.
       timeout: Timeout in seconds.

     Yields:
       The output of the command line by line.
     """
     args = ['shell', command]
     return cmd_helper.IterCmdOutputLines(
       self._BuildAdbCmd(args, self._device_serial), timeout=timeout)

   def Ls(self, path, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """List the contents of a directory on the device.

     Args:
       path: Path on the device filesystem.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

     Returns:
       A list of pairs (filename, stat) for each file found in the directory,
       where the stat object has the properties: st_mode, st_size, and st_time.

     Raises:
       AdbCommandFailedError if |path| does not specify a valid and accessible
           directory in the device.
     """
     def ParseLine(line):
       cols = line.split(None, 3)
       filename = cols.pop()
       stat = DeviceStat(*[int(num, base=16) for num in cols])
       return (filename, stat)

     cmd = ['ls', path]
     lines = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(
         cmd, timeout=timeout, retries=retries).splitlines()
     if lines:
       return [ParseLine(line) for line in lines]
     else:
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
           cmd, 'path does not specify an accessible directory in the device',
           device_serial=self._device_serial)

   def Logcat(self, clear=False, dump=False, filter_specs=None,
              logcat_format=None, timeout=None, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Get an iterable over the logcat output.

     Args:
       clear: If true, clear the logcat.
       dump: If true, dump the current logcat contents.
       filter_specs: If set, a list of specs to filter the logcat.
       logcat_format: If set, the format in which the logcat should be output.
         Options include "brief", "process", "tag", "thread", "raw", "time",
         "threadtime", and "long"
       timeout: (optional) If set, timeout per try in seconds. If clear or dump
         is set, defaults to _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT.
       retries: (optional) If clear or dump is set, the number of retries to
         attempt. Otherwise, does nothing.

     Yields:
       logcat output line by line.
     """
     cmd = ['logcat']
     use_iter = True
     if clear:
       cmd.append('-c')
       use_iter = False
     if dump:
       cmd.append('-d')
       use_iter = False
     if logcat_format:
       cmd.extend(['-v', logcat_format])
     if filter_specs:
       cmd.extend(filter_specs)

     if use_iter:
       return self._IterRunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout)
     else:
       timeout = timeout if timeout is not None else _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
       return self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries).splitlines()

   def Forward(self, local, remote, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
               retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Forward socket connections from the local socket to the remote socket.

     Sockets are specified by one of:
       tcp:<port>
       localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
       localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
       localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
       dev:<character device name>
       jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)

     Args:
       local: The host socket.
       remote: The device socket.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['forward', str(local), str(remote)], timeout,
                           retries)

   def JDWP(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """List of PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport.

     Args:
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

     Returns:
       A list of PIDs as strings.
     """
     return [a.strip() for a in
             self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['jdwp'], timeout, retries).split('\n')]

   def Install(self, apk_path, forward_lock=False, reinstall=False,
               sd_card=False, timeout=60*2, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Install an apk on the device.

     Args:
       apk_path: Host path to the APK file.
       forward_lock: (optional) If set forward-locks the app.
       reinstall: (optional) If set reinstalls the app, keeping its data.
       sd_card: (optional) If set installs on the SD card.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     _VerifyLocalFileExists(apk_path)
     cmd = ['install']
     if forward_lock:
       cmd.append('-l')
     if reinstall:
       cmd.append('-r')
     if sd_card:
       cmd.append('-s')
     cmd.append(apk_path)
     output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
     if 'Success' not in output:
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
           cmd, output, device_serial=self._device_serial)

   def Uninstall(self, package, keep_data=False, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
                 retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Remove the app |package| from the device.

     Args:
       package: The package to uninstall.
       keep_data: (optional) If set keep the data and cache directories.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     cmd = ['uninstall']
     if keep_data:
       cmd.append('-k')
     cmd.append(package)
     output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
     if 'Failure' in output:
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
           cmd, output, device_serial=self._device_serial)

   def Backup(self, path, packages=None, apk=False, shared=False,
              nosystem=True, include_all=False, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
              retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Write an archive of the device's data to |path|.

     Args:
       path: Local path to store the backup file.
       packages: List of to packages to be backed up.
       apk: (optional) If set include the .apk files in the archive.
       shared: (optional) If set buckup the device's SD card.
       nosystem: (optional) If set exclude system applications.
       include_all: (optional) If set back up all installed applications and
         |packages| is optional.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     cmd = ['backup', path]
     if apk:
       cmd.append('-apk')
     if shared:
       cmd.append('-shared')
     if nosystem:
       cmd.append('-nosystem')
     if include_all:
       cmd.append('-all')
     if packages:
       cmd.extend(packages)
     assert bool(packages) ^ bool(include_all), (
         'Provide \'packages\' or set \'include_all\' but not both.')
     ret = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
     _VerifyLocalFileExists(path)
     return ret

   def Restore(self, path, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Restore device contents from the backup archive.

     Args:
       path: Host path to the backup archive.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     _VerifyLocalFileExists(path)
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['restore'] + [path], timeout, retries)

   def WaitForDevice(self, timeout=60*5, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Block until the device is online.

     Args:
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['wait-for-device'], timeout, retries)

   def GetState(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Get device state.

     Args:
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

     Returns:
       One of 'offline', 'bootloader', or 'device'.
     """
     return self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['get-state'], timeout, retries).strip()

   def GetDevPath(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Gets the device path.

     Args:
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

     Returns:
       The device path (e.g. usb:3-4)
     """
     return self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['get-devpath'], timeout, retries)

   def Remount(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Remounts the /system partition on the device read-write."""
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['remount'], timeout, retries)

   def Reboot(self, to_bootloader=False, timeout=60*5,
              retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Reboots the device.

     Args:
       to_bootloader: (optional) If set reboots to the bootloader.
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     if to_bootloader:
       cmd = ['reboot-bootloader']
     else:
       cmd = ['reboot']
     self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)

   def Root(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
     """Restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions, if possible.

     Args:
       timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
       retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
     """
     output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['root'], timeout, retries)
     if 'cannot' in output:
       raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
           ['root'], output, device_serial=self._device_serial)
	# Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
	# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
	# found in the LICENSE file.

	"""This module wraps Android's adb tool.

	This is a thin wrapper around the adb interface. Any additional complexity
	should be delegated to a higher level (ex. DeviceUtils).
	"""

	import collections
	import errno
	import logging
	import os

	from pylib import cmd_helper
	from pylib import constants
	from pylib.device import decorators
	from pylib.device import device_errors
	from pylib.utils import timeout_retry


	_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 30
	_DEFAULT_RETRIES = 2


	def _VerifyLocalFileExists(path):
	"""Verifies a local file exists.

	Args:
	path: Path to the local file.

	Raises:
	IOError: If the file doesn't exist.
	"""
	if not os.path.exists(path):
	raise IOError(errno.ENOENT, os.strerror(errno.ENOENT), path)


	DeviceStat = collections.namedtuple('DeviceStat',
	['st_mode', 'st_size', 'st_time'])


	class AdbWrapper(object):
	"""A wrapper around a local Android Debug Bridge executable."""

	def __init__(self, device_serial):
	"""Initializes the AdbWrapper.

	Args:
	device_serial: The device serial number as a string.
	"""
	if not device_serial:
	raise ValueError('A device serial must be specified')
	self._device_serial = str(device_serial)

	# pylint: disable=unused-argument
	@classmethod
	def _BuildAdbCmd(cls, args, device_serial, cpu_affinity=None):
	if cpu_affinity is not None:
	cmd = ['taskset', '-c', str(cpu_affinity)]
	else:
	cmd = []
	cmd.append(constants.GetAdbPath())
	if device_serial is not None:
	cmd.extend(['-s', device_serial])
	cmd.extend(args)
	return cmd
	# pylint: enable=unused-argument

	# pylint: disable=unused-argument
	@classmethod
	@decorators.WithTimeoutAndRetries
	def _RunAdbCmd(cls, args, timeout=None, retries=None, device_serial=None,
	check_error=True, cpu_affinity=None):
	status, output = cmd_helper.GetCmdStatusAndOutputWithTimeout(
	cls._BuildAdbCmd(args, device_serial, cpu_affinity=cpu_affinity),
	timeout_retry.CurrentTimeoutThread().GetRemainingTime())
	if status != 0:
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
	args, output, status, device_serial)
	# This catches some errors, including when the device drops offline;
	# unfortunately adb is very inconsistent with error reporting so many
	# command failures present differently.
	if check_error and output.startswith('error:'):
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(args, output)
	return output
	# pylint: enable=unused-argument

	def _RunDeviceAdbCmd(self, args, timeout, retries, check_error=True):
	"""Runs an adb command on the device associated with this object.

	Args:
	args: A list of arguments to adb.
	timeout: Timeout in seconds.
	retries: Number of retries.
	check_error: Check that the command doesn't return an error message. This
	does NOT check the exit status of shell commands.

	Returns:
	The output of the command.
	"""
	return self._RunAdbCmd(args, timeout=timeout, retries=retries,
	device_serial=self._device_serial,
	check_error=check_error)

	def _IterRunDeviceAdbCmd(self, args, timeout):
	"""Runs an adb command and returns an iterator over its output lines.

	Args:
	args: A list of arguments to adb.
	timeout: Timeout in seconds.

	Yields:
	The output of the command line by line.
	"""
	return cmd_helper.IterCmdOutputLines(
	self._BuildAdbCmd(args, self._device_serial), timeout=timeout)

	def __eq__(self, other):
	"""Consider instances equal if they refer to the same device.

	Args:
	other: The instance to compare equality with.

	Returns:
	True if the instances are considered equal, false otherwise.
	"""
	return self._device_serial == str(other)

	def __str__(self):
	"""The string representation of an instance.

	Returns:
	The device serial number as a string.
	"""
	return self._device_serial

	def __repr__(self):
	return '%s(\'%s\')' % (self.__class__.__name__, self)

	# pylint: disable=unused-argument
	@classmethod
	def IsServerOnline(cls):
	status, output = cmd_helper.GetCmdStatusAndOutput(['pgrep', 'adb'])
	output = [int(x) for x in output.split()]
	logging.info('PIDs for adb found: %r', output)
	return status == 0
	# pylint: enable=unused-argument

	@classmethod
	def KillServer(cls, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	cls._RunAdbCmd(['kill-server'], timeout=timeout, retries=retries)

	@classmethod
	def StartServer(cls, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	# CPU affinity is used to reduce adb instability http://crbug.com/268450
	cls._RunAdbCmd(['start-server'], timeout=timeout, retries=retries,
	cpu_affinity=0)

	# TODO(craigdh): Determine the filter criteria that should be supported.
	@classmethod
	def GetDevices(cls, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Get the list of active attached devices.

	Args:
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

	Yields:
	AdbWrapper instances.
	"""
	output = cls._RunAdbCmd(['devices'], timeout=timeout, retries=retries)
	lines = [line.split() for line in output.splitlines()]
	return [AdbWrapper(line[0]) for line in lines
	if len(line) == 2 and line[1] == 'device']

	def GetDeviceSerial(self):
	"""Gets the device serial number associated with this object.

	Returns:
	Device serial number as a string.
	"""
	return self._device_serial

	def Push(self, local, remote, timeout=60*5, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Pushes a file from the host to the device.

	Args:
	local: Path on the host filesystem.
	remote: Path on the device filesystem.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	_VerifyLocalFileExists(local)
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['push', local, remote], timeout, retries)

	def Pull(self, remote, local, timeout=60*5, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Pulls a file from the device to the host.

	Args:
	remote: Path on the device filesystem.
	local: Path on the host filesystem.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	cmd = ['pull', remote, local]
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
	try:
	_VerifyLocalFileExists(local)
	except IOError:
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
	cmd, 'File not found on host: %s' % local, device_serial=str(self))

	def Shell(self, command, expect_status=0, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
	retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Runs a shell command on the device.

	Args:
	command: A string with the shell command to run.
	expect_status: (optional) Check that the command's exit status matches
	this value. Default is 0. If set to None the test is skipped.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

	Returns:
	The output of the shell command as a string.

	Raises:
	device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError: If the exit status doesn't match
	\|expect_status\|.
	"""
	if expect_status is None:
	args = ['shell', command]
	else:
	args = ['shell', '%s; echo %%$?;' % command.rstrip()]
	output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(args, timeout, retries, check_error=False)
	if expect_status is not None:
	output_end = output.rfind('%')
	if output_end < 0:
	# causes the status string to become empty and raise a ValueError
	output_end = len(output)

	try:
	status = int(output[output_end+1:])
	except ValueError:
	logging.warning('exit status of shell command %r missing.', command)
	raise device_errors.AdbShellCommandFailedError(
	command, output, status=None, device_serial=self._device_serial)
	output = output[:output_end]
	if status != expect_status:
	raise device_errors.AdbShellCommandFailedError(
	command, output, status=status, device_serial=self._device_serial)
	return output

	def IterShell(self, command, timeout):
	"""Runs a shell command and returns an iterator over its output lines.

	Args:
	command: A string with the shell command to run.
	timeout: Timeout in seconds.

	Yields:
	The output of the command line by line.
	"""
	args = ['shell', command]
	return cmd_helper.IterCmdOutputLines(
	self._BuildAdbCmd(args, self._device_serial), timeout=timeout)

	def Ls(self, path, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""List the contents of a directory on the device.

	Args:
	path: Path on the device filesystem.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

	Returns:
	A list of pairs (filename, stat) for each file found in the directory,
	where the stat object has the properties: st_mode, st_size, and st_time.

	Raises:
	AdbCommandFailedError if \|path\| does not specify a valid and accessible
	directory in the device.
	"""
	def ParseLine(line):
	cols = line.split(None, 3)
	filename = cols.pop()
	stat = DeviceStat(*[int(num, base=16) for num in cols])
	return (filename, stat)

	cmd = ['ls', path]
	lines = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(
	cmd, timeout=timeout, retries=retries).splitlines()
	if lines:
	return [ParseLine(line) for line in lines]
	else:
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
	cmd, 'path does not specify an accessible directory in the device',
	device_serial=self._device_serial)

	def Logcat(self, clear=False, dump=False, filter_specs=None,
	logcat_format=None, timeout=None, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Get an iterable over the logcat output.

	Args:
	clear: If true, clear the logcat.
	dump: If true, dump the current logcat contents.
	filter_specs: If set, a list of specs to filter the logcat.
	logcat_format: If set, the format in which the logcat should be output.
	Options include "brief", "process", "tag", "thread", "raw", "time",
	"threadtime", and "long"
	timeout: (optional) If set, timeout per try in seconds. If clear or dump
	is set, defaults to _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT.
	retries: (optional) If clear or dump is set, the number of retries to
	attempt. Otherwise, does nothing.

	Yields:
	logcat output line by line.
	"""
	cmd = ['logcat']
	use_iter = True
	if clear:
	cmd.append('-c')
	use_iter = False
	if dump:
	cmd.append('-d')
	use_iter = False
	if logcat_format:
	cmd.extend(['-v', logcat_format])
	if filter_specs:
	cmd.extend(filter_specs)

	if use_iter:
	return self._IterRunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout)
	else:
	timeout = timeout if timeout is not None else _DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
	return self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries).splitlines()

	def Forward(self, local, remote, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
	retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Forward socket connections from the local socket to the remote socket.

	Sockets are specified by one of:
	tcp:<port>
	localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
	localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
	localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
	dev:<character device name>
	jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)

	Args:
	local: The host socket.
	remote: The device socket.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['forward', str(local), str(remote)], timeout,
	retries)

	def JDWP(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""List of PIDs of processes hosting a JDWP transport.

	Args:
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

	Returns:
	A list of PIDs as strings.
	"""
	return [a.strip() for a in
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['jdwp'], timeout, retries).split('\n')]

	def Install(self, apk_path, forward_lock=False, reinstall=False,
	sd_card=False, timeout=60*2, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Install an apk on the device.

	Args:
	apk_path: Host path to the APK file.
	forward_lock: (optional) If set forward-locks the app.
	reinstall: (optional) If set reinstalls the app, keeping its data.
	sd_card: (optional) If set installs on the SD card.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	_VerifyLocalFileExists(apk_path)
	cmd = ['install']
	if forward_lock:
	cmd.append('-l')
	if reinstall:
	cmd.append('-r')
	if sd_card:
	cmd.append('-s')
	cmd.append(apk_path)
	output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
	if 'Success' not in output:
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
	cmd, output, device_serial=self._device_serial)

	def Uninstall(self, package, keep_data=False, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
	retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Remove the app \|package\| from the device.

	Args:
	package: The package to uninstall.
	keep_data: (optional) If set keep the data and cache directories.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	cmd = ['uninstall']
	if keep_data:
	cmd.append('-k')
	cmd.append(package)
	output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
	if 'Failure' in output:
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
	cmd, output, device_serial=self._device_serial)

	def Backup(self, path, packages=None, apk=False, shared=False,
	nosystem=True, include_all=False, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT,
	retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Write an archive of the device's data to \|path\|.

	Args:
	path: Local path to store the backup file.
	packages: List of to packages to be backed up.
	apk: (optional) If set include the .apk files in the archive.
	shared: (optional) If set buckup the device's SD card.
	nosystem: (optional) If set exclude system applications.
	include_all: (optional) If set back up all installed applications and
	\|packages\| is optional.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	cmd = ['backup', path]
	if apk:
	cmd.append('-apk')
	if shared:
	cmd.append('-shared')
	if nosystem:
	cmd.append('-nosystem')
	if include_all:
	cmd.append('-all')
	if packages:
	cmd.extend(packages)
	assert bool(packages) ^ bool(include_all), (
	'Provide \'packages\' or set \'include_all\' but not both.')
	ret = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)
	_VerifyLocalFileExists(path)
	return ret

	def Restore(self, path, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Restore device contents from the backup archive.

	Args:
	path: Host path to the backup archive.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	_VerifyLocalFileExists(path)
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['restore'] + [path], timeout, retries)

	def WaitForDevice(self, timeout=60*5, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Block until the device is online.

	Args:
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['wait-for-device'], timeout, retries)

	def GetState(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Get device state.

	Args:
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

	Returns:
	One of 'offline', 'bootloader', or 'device'.
	"""
	return self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['get-state'], timeout, retries).strip()

	def GetDevPath(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Gets the device path.

	Args:
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.

	Returns:
	The device path (e.g. usb:3-4)
	"""
	return self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['get-devpath'], timeout, retries)

	def Remount(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Remounts the /system partition on the device read-write."""
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['remount'], timeout, retries)

	def Reboot(self, to_bootloader=False, timeout=60*5,
	retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Reboots the device.

	Args:
	to_bootloader: (optional) If set reboots to the bootloader.
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	if to_bootloader:
	cmd = ['reboot-bootloader']
	else:
	cmd = ['reboot']
	self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(cmd, timeout, retries)

	def Root(self, timeout=_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, retries=_DEFAULT_RETRIES):
	"""Restarts the adbd daemon with root permissions, if possible.

	Args:
	timeout: (optional) Timeout per try in seconds.
	retries: (optional) Number of retries to attempt.
	"""
	output = self._RunDeviceAdbCmd(['root'], timeout, retries)
	if 'cannot' in output:
	raise device_errors.AdbCommandFailedError(
	['root'], output, device_serial=self._device_serial)